Jailed for Freedom free essay sample

A review of the book Jailed for Freedom: American Women Win the Vote by Doris Stevens and its revised and abridged version, edited by Carol OHare. The paper discusses the book Jailed for Freedom: American Women Win the Vote the electric story of the battle for suffrage, written by Doris Stevens in 1920, a leader of the National Womans Party (NWP) in that era. The paper then reviews a new, abridged version of the book, edited by Carol OHare and shows how this author has changed the book to suit popular audiences more than the academic ones. Originally brought into a memoir as the history of the National Womans Party, the revision of the 1920 edition made its timely appearance in the year celebrating the 75th anniversary of the ratification of the 19th amendment. OHare editions aim to keep the narration lively, and to maintain flow and continuity. We will write a custom essay sample on Jailed for Freedom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Yet it is an attempt to retain the integrity of the original in tone and content. The introduction is a capsule to the history of the womens suffrage movement and the leaders strategies and personalities. Despite the fact that this edition makes a truly heroic story accessible to a larger audience beyond the college classroom, OHare has edited out the minute detail of legislative politics, author bias, and verbiage, leaving a vivid partisan account that clearly conveys the excitement of both battle and victory.

Geography of South Carolina essays

Geography of South Carolina essays The Blue Ridge is named for the Blue Ridge Mountains that are in it. It is the smallest region covering less than 2 percent of the state. It has many mountains consisting of metamorphic rock over 350 million years old. The next region is the Piedmont. The region of Piedmont stretches from the Blue Ridge to the fall line. Piedmont means foot of the mountains. It covers about one-third of the state. It is the second largest region and is about one hundred miles wide. Over a million people live in the Piedmont region. It is home to the cities of Greenville, Spartanburg, and Rock Hill. South Carolinas automobile plants and many textile factories are in the region. The next region is the Sandhills. The Sandhills are in the middle of the state. The region stretches from the Fall Line to the Coastal Plain. Sandhills was a coastline thousands of years ago. The sandhills is also sometimes called the Red hills. It is also referred to as the Midlands. It includes parts of Aiken, Chesterfield, Kershaw, Richland, and Sumter Counties. Columbia the capitol of the state is in this region. The next region is the Coastal Plain. It is the largest region covering over 20,000 square miles and goes from the Sandhills to the Coastal Zone. IT is divided into the outer and Inner Coastal Plains. The only difference is the inner has more hills. Cities in the coastal Plain include Sumter, Florence, and Orangeburg. The most interesting features of the Coastal Plain are the oval depressions called bays, which may or may not have water. One of the most famous bays is the bay Swamp in Sumter County. The final region is the Coastal Zone. It stretches from the Atlantic Ocean inland for about 10 miles. It has great beaches such as Myrtle Beach and North Myrtle. The barrier islands, which are just off the coast, protect the beaches from eroding. It gets the most tourists and is widely ...

Antonio Salieri Biography

Austrian dukedom of Mantra, was a composer and conductor who received considerable public acclaim in his day. He studied violin and harpsichord with his brother Francesco, who was a student of Giuseppe Tartly. After the death of his parents, he moved to Pad, then to Venice, where he studied thoroughness with Giovanni Peppiest. In 1766 Saltier met Florien Leopold Gamesman, who Invited him to attend the court of Vienna and there trained him in composition based on Fix;sGrades ad Apparatus. He remained in Vienna for the remainder of his life, and in 1774, when Gamesman died, Saltier was appointed the court composer by Emperor Joseph II, and Imperial Royal Experimentalist in 1788. During his time in Vienna he acquired great prestige as a composer and conductor, particularly of opera, and also of chamber and sacred music. The most successful of his 43 operas were Less Dandies (1784), which was first presented as work of Clucks, and Tartar (1787). He wrote comparatively little Instrumental music, including Just llano concerti written In 1773. He attained an elevated social standing, and frequently associated with other celebrated composers such as Joseph Haydn. As children, Beethoven, Schubert and List all benefited from his tutelage. He also taught Czerny, Hummel and a son of Mozart. Antonio Saltier is buried in the Contraindicated in Vienna, Austria. Allegations by Mozart In Vienna in the sass, Mozart accused Saltier of plagiarism and of attempting to murder him with poison. As Mozart music became more popular over the decades ND Callers music was forgotten, Mozart unsubstantiated allegations gained credence and tarnished Galleries reputation. The biographer Alexander Hellhole Thayer believes that Mozart suspicions of Saltier could have originated with an incident in 1781 when Mozart applied to be the music teacher of the Princess of W;retriever, and Saltier was selected instead, and the following year Mozart was not selected to be the Princesss piano teacher either.Later on, when Mozart Eel Nozzle did Figaro was not liked by either the Emperor Joseph II nor by the public, Mozart blamed Saltier for the failure. Saltier and his tribe will move heaven and earth to put it [Figaro] down, wrote Leopold Mozart. But at the time of the premiere of Figaro, Saltier was busy In France with his own operas. Thayer believes that the Intrigues surrounding the failure of Figaro were instigated by the poet Abate Casts against the Court Poet, Ad Point, who wrote the Figar o libretto. F his Don Giovanni, the poet was ordered back to Vienna for a royal wedding for Inch Galleries Gaur would be performed. Obviously, Mozart was not pleased by this. And yet Saltier did not intend to hinder Mozart career. When Saltier was appointed Experimentalist in 1788, instead of bringing out an opera of his own, he revived Figaro. En in his later years, Galleries health declined and he was hospitalized, there were rumors that Saltier confessed to Mozart murder.Galleries two nurses attested that Saltier said no such thing and that at least one of the two of them was with Saltier during his hospital stay. After Galleries death, the opera by Nicolai Rims-Karaoke, Mozart et Saltier (1898) darted a tradition of dramatic license crossing into slander based on Mozart allegations, continued by the play by Peter Shaffer, Amadeus (1979; and the Oscar inning original film based on the play, released in 1984, and Directors Cut was released on 2001 with an additional 20 minutes of footage).

Review of Cedar Lake Dance Company Research Paper

Review of Cedar Lake Dance Company - Research Paper Example The Artistic Director is Benoit-Swan Pouffer and the website gives a good impression of his somewhat radical approach to the medium of ballet. A short clip entitled â€Å"Street† by Erez Sabag is a masterful example of how dance is integrated with modern video technology. The music is a series of low chords, somewhat edgy and jarring in nature, and this is set against a dark and forbidding street scene. The first movement is just the slow passing of automobiles, and then the dancer walks on in a slouching posture with face hidden in a â€Å"hoodie† jacket. This chimes very well with contemporary music video culture, and at first it is not obvious that what follows will   be an episode of dance. When the dancer suddenly switches into an explosion of jerky dance movements, at lightning speed and with high energy, a feeling of excitement and released tension is conveyed, only to resolve back into the sullen walking down the darkened street.   Viewers will not forget th is image, and it is no doubt intentional that it represents the surprising contribution and memorable contribution that ballet can make to modern culture. A potentially useful feature of the website is the blog, complete with hyperlinks and buttons for facebook and twitter. This blog offers photographs but very little commentary, and there is very little evidence that it is being used interactively by the public. This is something that the company should perhaps work more on, because artistic marketing in the internet age is increasingly. being done with full involvement of fans and supporters, who create viral

MIS case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MIS - Case Study Example This may help to enhance the efficiency of service delivery (German, 2010). The relationship between regulatory consideration and wireless services arises from the fact that Sprint Company must install towers and equipments. The installed towers and signal may help the company to send wireless signals to its customers located in different locations. This will further enable the company to realize its strategies of providing the fasted and the most efficient wireless network as compared to its competitors in the telecommunication industry. This means that for this to happen Sprint company must take into consideration the regulations placed by the state and local government when installing towers and equipments that will facilitate effective and efficient supply of a higher bandwidth wireless network. For instance prior installing walls and equipment on the identified location, Sprint must obtain the approval of the local government, property owners to mention just but a few. In addition, the company must observe numerous bureaucracies that had been put forth by California commission regarding the sites situated near the Oceans (German, 2010). The interest of individual as customer conflict with that of homeowners in the sense that individual customers want a 4th generation Cellular services while home owners are against the installation of towers inside their building as they fear the higher frequencies may be detrimental to their property. Further, the homeowners value aesthetic more than the placement of new infrastructures for wireless connection Sprint Company. This has made it quite difficult for Sprint Company to implement its goals/objectives of providing a higher bandwidth wireless network connection to its customers and hence decrementing its profit maximization. However, despite the above a conflict of interest

Erikson’s Time Line Essay Example for Free

Erikson’s Time Line Essay The aspect of psychology mainly studies the behavioral characteristics and personality of each individual in relation to their motivation, actual manifestations in terms of their actions, traits, perception, reasoning and others. In this concern, the science of psychology uses numerous approaches and concepts in its exploration of the human field in disseminating and explaining the significant and influential factors to the development of individuality and personality complex. Relative to the actual concern, the field of psychology also take the backward approach wherein it explains the background of each action and decision of each individual influential to their arrival to that certain point including the relationship of previous experiences, childhood factors, and other relevant issues. However, influential in the general pursuit of the study of psychology is the approach of gradually exploring the human development through disseminating the person’s life into progressive stages. In this concern, the concept of Erikson’s time line becomes a significant concept offering understanding towards a person’s personality and behavior. According to Erikson’s time line, each individual passes through each life-stage virtues as he or she age in life wherein the person’s behavior and personality develop as he or she contemplates over specific stage contrast. In each stage, a person must assess two different virtues relative to the age and level of his or her life determining how the person mature towards reaching the next level and proceed through life development. On assessing the personal journey of the author of this paper based on this time line, it likely appears that this author is within the fidelity stage wherein he is dominantly contemplating with the concept of identity and role confusion. In this particular stage, the person is still determining the path of which to pursue in life relative to the determination of his or her dominant identity on social and career matters. This is largely true in the author of this paper of which, he is still experimenting and deciding on the path of his passion, motivation, and determination. Mostly, the pressure of determining the person’s life conclusion gives the most hindrance in this stage of which is likewise true for the author of this paper. In addition, the challenge of finding the suitable and effective model from which to relate ones decision in this stage is also a crucial matter towards conquering this stage. Indeed, the author of this paper is within this stage of choosing the best position and the proper direction for his life which will likely determine his career and maturity development into becoming a successful adult in the future. Bibliography Dr. Boeree, C. George (2006). Erik Erikson. Personality Theories. http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/erikson.html. May 3, 2008

Interpretation of Muirs Horses Essay -- Muir Horses Essays

Interpretation of Muir's Horses My interpretation of Edwin Muir's poem entitled "Horses" is one of a past memory and the conflict and anger brought about by this memory , a conflict between light and darkness, good and evil in the mind of a elderly dying man, fearing death as he gazes out across a field. The memory being that of a day from his past, where he as a child farm worker watched a team of horses ploughing the stubble back into the field during a rainy day which gets progressively more stormy. The horses making their way to and fro across the field leaving furrows, the setting sunlight breaking through the clouds picking out images in the distance. Images getting darker and more vivid as the horses drew nearer. A symbolic religious conflict being acted out between good and evil with almost mythological qualities, leading to a crescendo of images eventually fading to the old man lamenting and wishing to be as that child, at the beginning of his life with all the purity and innocence that children have. The poem has the distant images of horses as a t...

The Biography of Clarence Thomas

Clarence Thomas is a Supreme Court Justice, who has been under criticism since the day that he was appointed. Thomas has been chastised for his views on Affirmative Action and his views on African-American†s evolution into the mainstream of our society. Chief Justice Thomas, since his appointment has been marked as a far right conservative. In the beginning of his tenure he was labeled as Chief Justice Scalia†s, â€Å"second vote. † Since then Thomas has removed himself from this shadow to show insight on his own conservative ideas. Clarence Thomas was born on June 23, 1948 in Pin Point, Georgia. Thomas is a child of Mr. M. C. Thomas and Leola Anderson. He grew up in a single-mother household. Thomas†s father abandoned him and his mother, Leola, when he was two. Times were hard for his family, and his mother later sent him and his brother to live with his grandfather, Myers Anderson in Savannah, Georgia. His grandfather instilled in Clarence that education would be his key to unlocking the door to a successful life. He wanted him to overcome the color boundaries that were present during this time in America†s history. Clarence Thomas has an extensive educational background. Thomas attended an all black high school in Savannah before dropping out and enrolling at St. John Vianney Minor Seminary. Thomas withdrew at his grandfathers urging to become a minister. After his graduation form St. John Vianney Minor Seminary he was accepted to Immaculate Conception Seminary. However, he once again withdrew, this time because of the racial events that had occurred while attending. At this time Holy Cross University began recruiting black students and he was accepted. Thomas worked hard to not only succeed and graduate, but to excel in his classes. He graduated ninth in his class at Holy Cross, in 1971. While at Holy Cross, Thomas met Ms. Kate Ambush and they later married. Thomas† only child (Jamal) was as a result of this marriage (Clarence and Kate later divorced in 1984. He has since married to Virgina Lamp, in 1987). Clarence Thomas decided that he wanted to advance his education and applied to Yale Law School. Again, Thomas applied to a university were a minority program was implemented just a few years earlier, and he was accepted. After graduating from Yale Law School Thomas†s future looked bright. While at Yale his emphasis dealt with tax and anti-trust law. Upon Thomas† graduation from Yale he went to work for John Danforth, the attorney general of Missouri. While working for the attorney general Thomas worked in the tax division. In 1977, Danforth was elected to the Senate and Thomas went to work for Monsanto Company as a corporate lawyer in the pesticide and agriculture division. After a couple of years of work for Monsanto, Thomas became a legislative assistant on energy and environmental projects for Senator Danforth. During this time Thomas attracted much attention from the Reagan administration, which landed him a job as assistant secretary for civil rights in the Education Department. President Reagan then promoted Thomas to head of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. While at the EEOC, Thomas put the agency in position to enforce law. He also changed administration, policies, and implemented new procedures to improve the agency. Thomas† success as head of the EEOC led to a President Bush appointment to the U. S. Court of Appeals in Washington D. C. as a Judge in 1990. He only served 17 months before being nominated to the Supreme Court by President Bush after the retirement of Thurgood Marshall. An appointment to the United States Supreme Court is for a life term. Therefore, it makes since that the process used to appoint the justices is complete and thorough. The appointment of a Supreme Court justice is made by the President of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. There can be many reasons why a person is to be chosen as a justice to the highest court in the land. Presidents have appointed certain people because of their political ideologies, judicial philosophies, gender, religion, or race. The latter reason played a big role in the appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. Thurgood Marshall, appointed by President Lyndon Johnson as the first black-American to serve on the court, retired in 1991. (Infoplease. com encyclopedia) Then President George Bush, felt pressure to replace this well known minority figure with another African-American. Marshall had served the court from 1967 to 1991, and many minority and political groups, including the NAACP and the Congressional Black Caucus felt that another minority should take his place. Clarence Thomas was the obvious choice for President Bush, but the NAACP and the Congressional Black Caucus, who tend to be more liberal, did not necessarily want Thomas to be nominated because of his conservative views. President Bush nominated Thomas for his legal qualifications, and backed his campaign on promising to only appoint individuals who will interpret the law, rather than create it. After the President made this decision, all that was needed was the Senate approval. However, it was not that easy. Perhaps no other recent appointment to the Supreme Court was more controversial than that of Clarence Thomas. The Senate was ready to confirm Thomas† appointment when the Senate Judiciary Committee reopened the hearings to investigate charges of sexual harassment blamed on Thomas. A co-worker named Anita Hill accused Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment while they worked in two different federal agencies, the Department of Education and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). MSN Encarta. com encyclopedia) Suddenly, many problems surrounded Thomas† bid for the Supreme Court. The timing of the accusations could not have been worse. Although the timing cast a question upon Anita Hill herself. If the supposed harassment took place in the 80's, why was she just now coming forward? Ms. Hill†s answer was that she could not get herself to talk about the topic until she felt obligated to do so. In the Senate hearings Ms. Hill, a law professor, had this to say: I thought that by saying â€Å"no† and explaining my easons, my employer would abandon his social suggestions. However, to my regret, in the following few weeks he continued to ask me out on several occasions. He pressed me to justify my reasons for saying â€Å"no† to him. These incidents took place in his office or mine. They were in the form of private conversations which would not have been overheard by anyone else. (Hill Testimony Transcripts) This statement makes the accusations his word versus hers. Thomas denied any wrong doing and called the televising of the Senate hearings a † ‘high-tech lynching. â€Å"†(MSN Encarta. om Encyclopedia) Finally, the debates ended and Thomas† nomination was confirmed on October 15,1991. Thomas would win because the Senate did verify his appointment to the United States Supreme Court by the â€Å"narrowest affirmation vote for a Supreme Court Justice in this Century. â€Å"(O†Connor & Sabato, 238) The vote was fifty-two in favor and forty-eight against. The Thomas-Hill scandal immediately made Thomas a well known and a closely watched justice. At first, people and the press watched his actions for other reasons than his race or judicial philosophy. More recently, however, people have come to notice his judicial decisions and philosophy more than his actions. Although Thomas† appointment was amidst controversy, he is now stepping out on his own on his ideas. Thomas† has come a long way from his childhood that started in Pin Point and Savannah, Georgia. He is now a Justice on the highest court in the United States. Thomas† term has been brief compared to the tenure of his collogues, but in his mind he has unlocked the door to success, and is walking through it.

Brief for Comedy Films Coursework

I am going to change the film ‘Way out West' by ‘Oliver Hardy' and ‘Stan Laurel'. I am going to modernize the film so that it would be like a film which would be created at present time. I will have to follow the key concepts of comedy films and the story line of the film will be kept the same. There will be a different cast of actors and actresses and there names will have to be different from the film in 1937. The generic conventions for a comedy film would be the following: * Narrative * Setting * Someone to laugh at * Someone to laugh with * Someone to sympathize with * Happy Ending * Music * Facial Expressions * Goal/Objective * Innocence * Moral Messages * Female Role A comedy needs a Narrative because this is basically the story line. The story line in comedy film will usually straight forward. For example in the film ‘The Nutty Professor' the basic story line is about a fat person who wants to be thin and faces problem while doing this. The setting tells the audience whether the subject which is happening at a certain point is an everyday situation or whether it is over exaggerated. For example the time of day would change the effect on the audience because if it was a dark stormy night then you would know that something bad was going to happen but if it was a bright sunny day then you would expect things in the film to be happy which is usually were the comedy falls into place rather than the sad parts were the audience sympathizes with the actor/actress. A comedy film needs someone to laugh at because if this was not included then the film would most probably not be funny at all. The person who you laugh at is usually the key actor/actress and usually brings down the tension or sadness from part of the film. This is the actor/actress who has problems in there life in family and social aspects. For example in ‘The nutty professor' the actor ‘Eddie Murphy' who play ‘Sherman Clump' he has problems in his life where he is unable to talk to his family about his problems of being fat and socially he has problems with finding a partner for himself. He wants someone to be sexually attracted to him. Usually in these cases the people get so wound up in trying to do something that they forget about the most important things which can be the moral of the film. A comedy film needs someone to laugh with also with the person to laugh at. This person is often the protagonist. The protagonist is someone who usually annoys the main actor and causes fights and arguments. This person usually annoys the actor by getting to something or someone before him or destroying the person's plans. He is also the person who usually teases someone about there physical appearance or the physical appearance of a loved one. It is usually the funniest person in the film for example ‘The nutty professor' in the means of ‘Buddy Love' who teases ‘Sherman Clump' about his physical appearance and also steals the girl of his dreams. Someone to sympathize with is usually the key actor. For example ‘The nutty professor' by the means of ‘Sherman Clump' who although is the key actor is also the person that the audience sympathizes with and the audience can interact with by the means of some people may have experiences of there physical appearance. There is usually music to match the times where the audience is supposed to sympathize with the person. The music is usually slow tempo and quite high pitched. Every comedy film needs a happy ending because it makes the audience come out of the film feeling happy about there life and things are supposed to be funny to make you happy so it would not be correct to have a funny film with a sad ending because that may effect the way you look at the film and the story line or morals of the film. The narrative resolves and everything goes back to normal completing the equilibrium. The music of the comedy film plays a major part in the mood or subject of what is happening. If something sad is happening then the music will be slow tempo and usually high pitched. If there is a funny or happy part of the story the music will usually be of high tempo and up beat. This usually tells the audience in advance whether something good or bad happens. Facial expressions play a major part in films and are easy to make the audience laugh. The facial expressions can also tell the audience whether the person is happy or sad or whether a happy or sad event is going to happen. Actors such as ‘Jim Carrey' use facial expressions a lot in there film which is what has made them so popular. The protagonist usually uses his/her facial expression to an advantage. This also sets them apart from the rest of the cast. There is always a goal/objective in a comedy film because if there wasn't then what would be the point of the film. There would be no story line to the film and the audience would find it boring. Innocence can play a part in comedy films where the villain works against the innocence pr the hero triumphs over the villain unknowingly. This could mean that there is a villain but is a part of one person's feelings or views on a particular subject. The person who is innocent can also be the person that the audience sympathizes with. Moral Messages is something that comedy films have such as good/bad/, right/wrong etc. These are always followed in comedy films. These moral messages can make the audience think about what they are doing wrong in there own life or think about what they are actually doing right in there life. Female Role has a major part on a comedy film. The female role is usually has a love interest with the key actor and usually plays the supporting role. The female also creates sympathy for the lead role for example in ‘The nutty professor' the women creates sympathy for ‘Sherman Clump' as he wants her to be a part of his life but he can't get that because things keep going wrong with his life of people keep messing things up for him.

Understanding and implementing Essays

Understanding and implementing Essays Understanding and implementing Paper Understanding and implementing Paper Understanding and implementing culturally competent and culturally congruent care are the key factors for effective and excellent nursing care (Srivastava, 2007). However, health care provider’s roles and responsibilities in meeting health care needs of the clients in consideration to cultural perspective and diversity are getting more challenging and complicated due to increased number of people from a group of multi-ethnic and multi-cultural society, which, in turn requires health care providers to acknowledge and understand variations of cultural healthcare beliefs, values and practices. Transcultural nursing is essential in the process of nursing care because of the different factors, which includes increasing diversity and multicultural identities, emergent use of health care equipment that occasionally dispute the cultural ethics and beliefs of the clients and a rise in feminism and gender issues (Andrews ump; Boyle, 2008). Maier-Lorentz (2008) states that the fundamental aspect of healthcare is transcultural nursing since culturally competent nursing care help guarantee patient satisfactions and health beneficial outcome. According to the Royal College of Nursing (2009), providing care with respect to health and illness based on the expectations of the people’s values, beliefs and practices corresponding with culture is the focal point of transcultural care. Influenced by the principles and theories of transcultural nursing, the author defines transcultural nursing as a discipline of culturally care for individuals, families, groups and communities representing different cultural lifestyle, values, habits, life process, beliefs and practices. Furthermore, the author believes that the aims of transcultural nursing are to bestow effective and excellent care to people from diverse backgrounds and avoid cultural conflicts and negligence related to health care practices. Transcultural nursing helps ensure effective communication, accurate assessment and culturally appropriate interventions to patients with distinct cultural backgrounds. (Andrews ump; Boyle, 2008; Giger ump; Davidhizar, 2004) Galanti (2008) report that increased patient contentment to health, developed and improved medical outcome and greater cost productivity are the main benefits of effective transcultural and culturally competent care. To provide effective transcultural care, nurses should have the required knowledge, skills, attitude, values and awareness in caring for people with different cultures. Nurses should understand the different cultures of the society they are caring for and develop awareness of ones own culture and ethnic identity to avoid biases, misunderstanding and prejudices to other culture (Royal College of Nursing, 2009). For the purpose of this essay the author will critically discuss and evaluate Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Cultural Competence (2003) and focus on the application of the above-mentioned model in the process of nursing care. The author chose the aforementioned model of transcultural nursing because the model specifically tackles the importance of culturally competent care in nursing practice. It is also concise, specific and easy to understand. Moreover, the model is simply applicable in all areas of healthcare practice. Aside from being useful as a structure in providing culturally relevant healthcare services, Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competence has been endorsed and recognized as a guiding framework for organization and administration development (Brathwaite, 2009; Campinha-Bacote ump; Munoz, 2001). In the author’s point of view the model is categorically specific, measurable and systematically applicable in the assessment of healthcare provider’s competency in cultural care. In addition, the nurses can use the model as a step by step guide to understand and practice culturally competent care without biases and misunderstanding to other culture. However, like in the other theories and models of transcultural nursing, limitations also hits Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competence (2003). In the author’s point of view, the model is not comprehensive; it merely focuses on cultural attributes of healthcare providers in providing culturally competent care. Capell, Veenstra ump; Dean, (2007) report that the model is limited solely to the assessment and evaluation of the cultural competence of healthcare professional but the patient’s cultural attributes and possible health outcomes are not addressed. Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Cultural Competence (2003) is figuratively illustrated as a volcano in which the cultural desire serves as a stimulus in the course of cultural competence. Once the cultural desire erupts, strong inclination in seeking cultural awareness, attaining cultural knowledge, searching for cultural encounters and showing cultural skills take place. The model regards cultural competence as a continuing process for healthcare providers in achieving culturally competent care. It consists of five major constructs which includes cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters and cultural desire, as discussed below based on Campinha-Bacote’s model of care (2002). Cultural awareness is the process of introspection and detailed exploration of one’s own cultural background. It involves avoidance of cultural imposition (imposing personal beliefs, values and behaviour on another culture). Cultural awareness helps identify one’s predisposition, prejudices, biases and assumptions to individual with diverse cultural backgrounds. The stages of cultural awareness are unconscious incompetence, conscious incompetence, conscious competence and unconscious competence (Weber ump; Kelley, 2009). Cultural knowledge is the process of searching and acquiring fundamental facts and information about different cultural and ethnic groups focusing specifically on the issues of health-related beliefs and cultural values, disease prevalence and treatment effectiveness. Whereas, cultural skill is one’s own capability in gathering relevant cultural information concerning to patient’s problem and accurately conducting culturally based physical assessment. Cultural encounters, on the other hand, are defined as a process that inspires healthcare provider to continuously engage openly in cross-cultural relations to individual with diverse cultural backgrounds. In addition, cultural encounter helps avoid possible stereotyping and culture-related negligence. Lastly, cultural desire is the driving force of the healthcare provider to participate in the process of becoming culturally aware, knowledgeable, skillful and familiar with cultural encounters (Campinha-Bacote, 2003a). The author as a healthcare assistant working in the nursing home will present a case study of a patient who is confined in the frail unit of the care home. The author nursed the patient for more than three months until now and was able to have continuous one to one interaction occasionally. The author will critically discuss the relevant culture-related aspect of care of this patient and identify transcultural challenges encountered from admission to the delivery of care. Moreover, using Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Cultural Competence (2003), the author will critically address and discuss the patient’s culture-related issues and care through the process of assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation. Mrs. Somers is an 88 years old British Asian who was born and grew up in Birmingham, England but presently residing and transferred to Kent, England eleven years ago. She was discharged from a tertiary hospital and admitted to the nursing home where the author works on the 16th of October, 2010. She was diagnosed with osteoporosis, respiratory infections, rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension and myocardial infarction aside from a history of right hip replacement and spinal fusion approximately seven years ago. She was admitted to the nursing home because she needs partial to full assistance on her activities of daily living due to her present condition. Apparently, her only child is in France at the moment and no one could look after her as her whole family is in Birmingham. Mrs. Somers mentioned that she came from a happy or â€Å"lovely† family as she termed it. Her mother is English while her father is half British and half Indian. She has two siblings and she is the eldest and the only girl among them. Aside from being used to the British culture as she was raised here, Mrs. Somers points out that her parents specifically her father thought her with some Indian cultures that she continuously practiced until now like dressing modestly, as all her clothes are below the knee and must cover the shoulders. Family roles and organization is a big issue for Mrs. Somers. She is married to a nurse. According to her, she has a prosperous life with her one and only child. She gets whatever she wants and considers herself as the luckiest person in the world until her husband died in 1989 and problematic personal issues appears, which is the same reason why she leaves Birmingham with her child and transferred to Kent. As for workforce, Mrs. Somers is a nurse same with her husband. No high-risk behaviors was identified as she does not smoke or drink alcohol. On pregnancy and childbearing practices, Mrs. Somers explained that she did not opposed contraception but she was extremely against abortion. For communication, Mrs. Somers speaks two languages, Hindi and English. She prefers to socialize more with women and avoids physical contact with men in public. As she is adapted to English culture, eye contact in communication and punctuality is very significant. In addition, Mrs. Somers honestly said that sometimes as part of being Indian, she just can’t say no when asked by someone. She sometimes has a habit of offering a response that she thinks someone wants to hear. In terms of religion, Mrs. Somers mother is a Catholic while her father is a Sikh. Even though her parents are practicing two different religions, the siblings were given the free will to choose which religion they would wish to follow. Mrs. Somers chose Catholicism but said that she also has high regards to Sikh beliefs and practices. In accordance with spirituality, Mrs. Somers pray three times a day, every morning after she wakes up, every afternoon (6pm) with the holy rosary and before she go to sleep in the evening as she explained when asked about her prayer routine. On death and dying issues, Mrs. Somers believe in life after death, that the soul still exist after death and judgement, either to heaven, purgatory or hell. Mrs. Somers added that she is against euthanasia. She further added that the sacrament of the dying and sick is essential as it will comfort the ill person and make them feel secure. Their family practiced common death rites which include washing and draping the body with white cloth, but prefer cremation after death. With regards to her Nutrition and Dietary habits, Mrs. Somers prefer to eat British foods like sandwich, fish and chips, pies, lamb and chicken served with potatoes and one other vegetable. In addition, as being part of Catholicism, she practiced meat restriction every Friday and fasting on specified holy days especially during lent. In terms of health care belief and practices, Mrs. Somers consider medical treatment at the same time with natural/ traditional remedies as her father thought her. For instance, for fever she drinks chamomile tea, for cough and congestion she put formaldehyde crystals in a plastic bag and places it on her chest and for indigestion she drink buttermilk. Mrs. Somers further added that she takes cod liver oil daily to maintain health. She also mentioned that after cleaning a sick room she drinks brown ale to prevent catching the disease. Using Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Cultural Competence the author will now illustrate how the aforementioned model will help the health care workers to provide culturally competent and quality nursing care. To provide excellent and culturally competent care to this patient, health care provider must reflect first and informally assess their level of cultural competence using the mnemonic, ASKED Awareness, Skill, Knowledge, Encounter, Desire (Campinha-Bacote, 2003b). The care workers of Mrs. Somers may ask themselves with the following questions: For Awareness: Am I sensitive and supportive to the values, beliefs and life ways of Mrs. Somers? Am I aware to my personal prejudices and biases towards the culture of Mrs. Somers? How can my own cultural beliefs and background affect the care that I need to give to Mrs. Somers? If Mrs. Somers cry for help and become demanding, should I ignore or disregard her? Would I behave like this toward any of my other patients? For Skill: Do I have the skill to conduct a cultural assessment in a sensitive manner? Do I have a skill to perform culture-based physical assessment and interpret the data accurately? Is there any language barrier in communication? For Knowledge: Let me ask Mrs. Somers if she’s more used to British culture or Indian culture? Let me ask her about her cultural beliefs and practices that may affect the quality of nursing care. For Encounters: The care worker would like to care for other British Asian clients to learn more and gain additional knowledge and skills. For Desire: The health care provider showed signs of cultural desire by wanting to participate in the process of becoming culturally aware, knowledgeable, skillful as well as considering ways to have additional encounters with other British Asian patients. The author will now critically discuss the cultural challenges identified as well as the aim, plan and evaluation of care based on the information obtained from Mrs. Somers. One of the identified cultural challenges is in the area of communication and cultural behaviour. As mentioned above, Mrs. Somers claimed that she sometimes has a habit of offering a response that she thinks someone wants to hear. This cultural behaviour serves as a barrier in providing excellent cultural care. For instance, the care worker asked Mrs. Somers if she wants to join in the fun art activity with other residents, Mrs. Somers said yes, but in the actual activity the care worker noticed that Mrs. Somers is not doing the activity, don’t want to interact with others and not as bubbly as she usually was. When the care worker asked her if she’s alright, Mrs. Somers said that she’s not feeling well and wants to be alone in her room. So, the care worker decided to bring Mrs. Somers back to her room and asked if she wants anything, Mrs. Somers replied that she just want to have a rest with the music on while having a cup of tea. When the care worker followed her request, Mrs. Somers become relaxed and looks happy. Care worker can overcome this barrier by looking for nonverbal cues such as facial expression that shows reluctance or excitement or enthusiastic response. Evaluation revealed positive outcome as the care worker makes Mrs. Somers comfortable and fulfilled. Another cultural problem identified is in the area of heath care belief and practices. The doctor wants to change Mrs. Somers old medications for heart condition and hypertension to the more effective one but the problem is, Mrs. Somers is still taking cod liver oil that may counteract and lessen the effectiveness of the new medication. When the doctor and the nurse explained and politely asked Mrs. Somers if she can stop taking cod liver oil, Mrs. Somers refused and get mad. Then, the doctor decided not to change the medication and lessen up the dosage that Mrs. Somers taking up for her cod liver oil. Care provider explained to Mrs. Somers that she can still include her natural remedies if it is not dangerous to her health but she must still need to follow her medical treatment to improve her health. Evaluation revealed positive outcome as care provider respect and value patient’s right and cultural beliefs while giving best possible care. Healthcare professionals can overcome this cultural problem by providing better alternative actions while respecting patient’s right and cultural practices (Zerweck ump; Claborn, 2006). In conclusion, the main goal of transcultural nursing is to promote culturally competence care. However, excellent and quality cultural nursing care is impossible to achieve unless care provider acquire knowledge and skills in cultural health care as well as learn and apply cultural competency models into practice (Dayer-Berenson, 2009). The author learns that to attain cultural competence and provide adequate cultural care, healthcare provider should develop the desire to achieve congruent care, be aware to any personal biases and prejudices, acknowledge and support other person’s cultural belief and practices, avoid stereotyping and cultural imposition and most importantly identify and overcome the barriers to effective assessment and intervention. Understanding one’s own culture, being supportive, appreciative and sensitive to other culture and differences are the key factors to achieve cultural competence. The author recommends that aside from being focused to care provider’s cultural competency and cultural assessment, transcultural nursing theories and concepts also needs to develop ways on how to avoid cultural negligence, overcome personal biases and resolve cultural barriers that may affect quality nursing care.

Economic Organization and Transaction Costs Essay

Economic Organization and Transaction Costs - Essay Example Often included in this category are the accrued transportation/ logistical costs. Accordingly, these expenses are crucial in deciding whether or not to make or buy a product/ service (Cheung, 1987, p. 55). The paper will conduct a literature search and review that is related to a case study in transaction cost economics. The focus will be on General Motors and the Fisher Body Company, during the 1920s, in regard to the pertinent economics of organizations. There is have to accentuate at the beginning that there is not and will never be one brought together hypothesis of vertical integration. While the writing on vertical integration has a tendency to concentrate on a basic dichotomy between the choice to "make" inside or "purchase" through the business, from a TCE or NIE viewpoint we must be delicate in the way that there are a wide exhibit of business based administration plans that speak to different options for both straightforward unknown rehashed spot market exchanges and vertic al integration. These two administration plans are polar cases. Hypothetical and exact research in the NIE convention looks at not just the determinants of the limits in the middle of firms and markets additionally the sources of different "half and half structures" of administration structure that lie between basic mysterious spot market exchanges and bound together various leveled associations with fluctuating regions of vertical and even control. These crossover structures incorporate different sorts of long-haul contracts, joint endeavors, double sourcing (incomplete vertical integration), holding organizations, and open undertakings (Williamson, 1996, 2000, p. 598).

Speech Code Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Speech Code - Essay Example The speech code of University of Pennsylvania, for instance, is created with an aim to protect the wider student community on the campus. The code clearly places limitation on the speech and conduct when it comes to the rights of other students. No student is allowed to use threats, violence and hostility against the other. The university provides strict rules against such events and protects students from the discrimination and biases that prevail in the modern globalized world. The disciplining habits and codes of the university mentioned are aimed at preparing students for their future lives. The code of University of Pennyslvania can undergo a constitutional test and may be pronounced unconstitutional because it does not allow the students to freely speak (Lewin 2003). My current workplace has a speech code and it is adopted to avoid any kind of hate crimes occurring within the workplace. Before the speech code was implemented the workplace saw many fights happening between the w orkers. The workplace without a speech code can have several problems because of the minorities participating in the jobs. Blacks are the most targeted in the workplaces because of their lower ranks.